How to Troubleshoot Water Pressure Issues

Few things are more frustrating than stepping into the shower after a long day, only to be greeted by a weak dribble instead of a refreshing stream. Water pressure is one of those things you take for granted until it’s gone. Whether you’re struggling to rinse the dishes or waiting an excessive amount of time for your bath to fill up, weak water pressure can really put a damper on your daily routine. Fortunately, it doesn’t have to be that way. From identifying the causes of pressure fluctuations to offering DIY solutions, we’re covering everything you need to know to keep your water pressure flowing strong and steady.

Common Causes of Low Water Pressure

So, what’s causing that frustratingly low water pressure? Let’s break down the top five common causes and what you can do about it:

Clogged Pipes: Over time, mineral deposits and debris can accumulate in your pipes, reducing the flow of water. Regular maintenance and pipe cleaning should keep things flowing smoothly.
Water Leaks: Even a small leak can lead to significant water pressure loss. If you notice a sudden drop in pressure, it might be worth checking for leaks. Look for damp spots on walls, ceilings, or floors, or call in a professional to inspect your plumbing.
Municipal Supply Issues: Sometimes, the issue isn’t in your home but with the local water supply. This can happen during peak usage times or due to maintenance work. If you’ve exhausted all your options, don’t forget to contact your supplier to see if there are known issues in your area.
Main Shutoff Valve: If your main water shutoff valve isn’t fully open, it can restrict water flow. This valve controls the water coming into your home, so make sure it’s turned on all the way.
Water Meter Valve: Like the main valve, the water meter valve needs to be fully open to allow proper flow. Ensure it’s correctly positioned to avoid any unnecessary restrictions.

Common Causes of High Water Pressure

Struggling with the opposite problem? High water pressure can be just as annoying as low water pressure. Here are some of the most common causes:

High Supply Pressure: If you live in a particularly hilly suburb, your municipal water system might be set intentionally high to ensure everyone gets adequate pressure. Homes in such areas usually have a water pressure regulator installed to reduce the pressure so the best bet here is to check that you have one and that it’s functioning correctly.
Low Location: If your home is situated in a low spot or at the bottom of a hill, the natural gravitational pull can cause an increase in water pressure. In this case, we also recommend checking your regulator to maintain a safe and consistent pressure level.
Temperature Changes: As the water heats up in your plumbing system, it expands, leading to increased pressure. This is particularly common if your water heater has a defective expansion tank or pressure relief valve. Regular maintenance of your water heater and its components can prevent this issue.
Municipal Supply Issues: As we mentioned in the low water pressure section, sometimes the problem lies with the local water supply itself. Municipal water systems might temporarily increase pressure due to maintenance or other operational needs. Contact your water supplier to confirm if this is the case.

How to Diagnose Water Pressure Issues

Fortunately, diagnosing water pressure issues is a pretty straightforward process.

Test Individual Taps: Start with one tap and turn on both the cold and hot water. First, turn them on individually and then together. Make sure to note any changes in pressure.
Repeat: Carry out the same process with a tap in a different area. For example, if your first test was in your kitchen, move to your bathroom. Make note of any changes including the difference between this tap and your previous one.
Now you can identify the issue: If only one fixture has a different pressure level, it’s likely an issue with that fixture or its supply line. On the other hand, if multiple fixtures have low or high pressure, it’s a broader issue with your water supply. Finally, if only your hot water has low pressure, there’s likely a problem with your hot water heater.
Contact Your Neighbours: Ensure that it’s not a municipal problem by double-checking with your neighbours to see if they’re also experiencing pressure fluctuations.

Troubleshooting Water Pressure

Whether you’re dealing with low or high water pressure, we’ve got a few simple DIY solutions to help you resolve the problem.

Troubleshooting Low Water Pressure

Check for Pipe Blockages: Look for signs of corrosion or mineral buildup on your pipes. If you encounter a minor blockage, you can use a pipe cleaner or mild vinegar solution to dissolve the buildup. For severe blockages, it may be best to call a professional.
Inspect Taps and Showerheads: Unscrew your showerheads and soak them in vinegar to remove mineral deposits. If cleaning doesn’t improve pressure, consider replacing old or damaged fixtures.
Ensure Valves Are Fully Open: Check both the main shutoff valve and water metre valves are fully open by turning them counterclockwise.
Check for Leaks: You can identify most leaks by looking for wet spots or water damage around your home. If you suspect you have a leak and can’t see any damage, turn off your water meter. If the meter still moves, you’ve got a hidden leak.

Troubleshooting High Water Pressure

Install a Pressure Regulator: Available at most hardware stores, these devices can be installed where the main water line enters your home to maintain safe pressure levels. We recommend setting the pressure to 40-60 psi which is the recommended range for household water pressure.
Check Expansion Tanks: If you have an expansion tank, ensure it’s properly inflated and functioning. A faulty tank can lead to pressure spikes. If you notice your tank is damaged or not working correctly, you may need to replace it.
Adjust the Main Water Valve: You’ll typically find the valve near where the water line enters our home. If the pressure is too high you can partially close it to reduce the flow slightly.
Monitor Temperature Changes: High temperatures can cause water to expand and pressure to rise, especially in the water heater. Ensure your heater’s pressure relief valve is working correctly.

When to Seek Professional Help

There are many reasons for pressure changes, and sometimes you don’t have the time or know-how to check everything. That’s what we’re here for. At South Auckland Plumbing, we value transparency, and we’ll be the first to say that not every issue requires a plumber. For example, if it’s as simple as cleaning a clogged showerhead, you might want to do it yourself. However, there are a few signs that it’s time to call a professional:

Persistent Low Pressure: If you’ve checked for obvious issues like clogged fixtures or closed valves and the pressure remains low, it’s time to call in a pro. This could indicate a more serious problem, such as a major pipe blockage or a leak that’s not visible.
Sudden Pressure Changes: Abrupt changes in water pressure can signal a significant problem, such as a failing pressure regulator or issues with the municipal water supply that need expert evaluation.
Unusual Noises: Banging, clanging, or whistling noises in your pipes can be a sign of high water pressure or air in the lines, both of which need professional diagnosis and repair.
Discoloured Water: If your water is rusty or has a strange colour, it might indicate corrosion in your pipes, which can reduce water pressure and affect water quality. This is a serious issue that should be addressed by a professional plumber.

Conclusion

Your water pressure issues don’t have to persist. Use this guide to identify the problem, and if you’re comfortable, try some quick DIY fixes. For more complex issues or peace of mind, reach out to the team at South Auckland Plumbing. We’re dedicated to offering transparent, reliable, and professional service to ensure your home’s water pressure is always at its best. Contact us today and let us take the pressure off you.